Incretin mimetics are ideal candidate therapies for T2D as they exert their actions specifically during hyperglycaemic conditions and have the additional capacity to regulate body weight ( Since 2005, six incretin therapy drugs have been approved by the FDA (United States) and the MHRA (United Kingdom) for T2D treatment: Exenatide, Lixisenatide, Liraglutide, Dulaglutide, Semaglutide and Tirzepatide, all of which are administered daily or once weekly via subcutaneous injection
Phase 2 data showed up to 60% of participants at higher doses reported at least one gastrointestinal symptom
These exerkines act through autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine mechanisms to mediate inter-organ communication, playing essential roles in regulating nervous system function, attenuating neuroinflammation, and promoting neural repair (Chow et al., 2022
It now considers all aspects of a persons life, from diet and exercise to sleep and their unique biology