The typical incretin-related adverse events were present - nausea (43%), vomiting (21%), and diarrhea (33%)
Interestingly, low GSH levels (and high oxidant burdens) are associated with many immune dysfunctions, including auto-immune and inflammatory diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis, Crohns disease, multiple sclerosis, and psoriasis
While IV and oral NAD+ therapies can boost systemic levels, topical application offers a targeted approach delivering NAD+ precursors like niacinamide and NMN directly to the skin, where energy production, DNA repair, and antioxidant defense are most needed
The honest answer comes from an evaluation, which is why the choice is made with a provider rather than from a search result